The Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) is a university-based federal-state partnership which aims to enhance science and technology infrastructure in education, in the private sector, and in related government programs. EPSCoR operates on the principle that aiding researchers and institutions in securing federal R&D funding will develop a state's research infrastructure and advance economic growth. The core of every state-centered EPSCoR program is a partnership with the National Science Foundation (NSF). New Mexico received $12.95 million in National Science Foundation EPSCoR funds from 2001 to 2008.

In fall 2008, NM EPSCoR was awarded $15 million in NSF funding for its Research Infrastructure and Improvement Phase 3 proposal: “Climate Change Impacts on New Mexico’s Mountain Sources of Water”. The award began September 1, 2008 and continues for 5 years.